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Massacre Grounds Trail

Tonto National Forest, Arizona · 4 min read

Distance
4 mi
Elevation Gain
600 ft
Difficulty
easy-moderate
Route Type
Out-And-Back
Best Season
October through April
Dog Friendly
Yes
Difficulty Score
4 / 10
Trailhead Amenities
Restroom
Vault Toilet
Parking
Fee Required
Cell Service
Limited
Water
None
Camping
Dispersed
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Conditions, regulations, and fees change frequently. Verify with the local ranger district before your trip. Full disclaimer

At a Glance

  • Superstition Wilderness Sonoran Desert scenery with saguaro cactus
  • Historical connection to the Goldfield and Superstition Mountains mining era
  • Views of the Superstition Mountains western face
  • Shorter option in the Superstition Wilderness for hikers new to the area

Overview

The First Water Trailhead area east of Apache Junction is one of the most popular entry points into the Superstition Wilderness, the closest federal wilderness area to metropolitan Phoenix. The Massacre Grounds Trail loops through the desert terrain of the Superstition foothills, passing through saguaro cactus forests with the dramatic volcanic rock formations of the Superstition Mountains as backdrop.

At 4 miles with 600 feet of gain, this is among the shorter and less demanding options in the Superstition Wilderness. It serves as an introduction to the terrain that characterizes the area: dry desert with volcanic rock formations, no water sources, and heat that makes proper season selection critical. The Tonto National Forest sees its highest Superstition Wilderness visitation from October through April.

Heat is the primary planning consideration. The First Water area sits below 2,500 feet in full Sonoran Desert terrain. Summer temperatures exceed 100 degrees Fahrenheit regularly from June through September. Many hikers carry 2-3 liters of water for this route; individual needs vary; in warm shoulder-season temperatures carry extra. Tonto Pass ($8/day as of 2026) is required at the trailhead.

The Route

Miles 0 to 1.5: From the First Water Trailhead, the trail heads east into the Superstition Wilderness past the wilderness boundary sign. The terrain is classic lower Sonoran Desert: saguaro, palo verde, cholla cactus, and creosote. The Superstition Mountain volcanic cliffs are visible to the northeast.

Miles 1.5 to 2.5: The route climbs gradually to the Massacre Grounds area, where the terrain opens slightly and views of the Superstition ridgeline become broader. The desert vegetation here includes impressive stands of mature saguaro. Historical context for the area name is available from Tonto National Forest interpretive materials.

Miles 2.5 to 4.0 (return): Retrace the route to the trailhead. Start the return trip no later than mid-morning to ensure you're back at the car before midday heat peaks.

When to Visit

October through April. This is firm guidance for the lower Sonoran Desert terrain. March and April bring cactus bloom season, when the saguaro and prickly pear display their flowers. February often delivers excellent clarity after winter rain.

Avoid May through September for desert hiking here. Even experienced desert hikers treat high summer temperatures at this elevation as a genuine hazard. Check heat advisories before any visit in shoulder months.

What to Bring

  • Water: many hikers carry 2-3 liters; no sources on route; carry more in warmer weather; individual needs vary
  • Tonto Pass ($8/day as of 2026); purchase before arriving
  • Sun protection: substantial sun exposure on open desert terrain
  • Closed-toe shoes: cholla cactus spines are a common nuisance in the Superstitions
  • First aid kit including cactus spine removal tool

Review Leave No Trace 7 principles for desert wilderness areas. Stay on trail to avoid trampling biological soil crust and cactus.

Practical Details

Tonto Pass required at the First Water Trailhead as of 2026. The America the Beautiful Pass does not substitute at most Tonto sites. Veterans should review veteran benefits in national forests.

No wilderness permit required for the Superstition Wilderness as of 2026.

Cell service is limited at the trailhead and non-existent in the wilderness. Download offline maps. Inform someone of your plans and expected return.

Getting There

From Apache Junction: Head east on US-60 approximately 5 miles to Idaho Road. Turn north on Idaho Road and follow it north to First Water Road. Turn east on First Water Road and continue approximately 2 miles to the First Water Trailhead. Signs are posted throughout this approach.

From Phoenix: Take US-60 east through Mesa and Apache Junction to the Idaho Road exit. Total drive from Phoenix is approximately 40 miles.

Check current conditions and heat advisories with the Mesa Ranger District. See checking conditions before you go for resources.

Trailhead Parking

First Water Trailhead on First Water Road off Idaho Road east of Apache Junction. Paved parking with vault toilets. Tonto Pass required.

← Back to Tonto National Forest

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Frequently Asked Questions

What is the historical significance of Massacre Grounds?
The area near this trail is associated with the violent mining and settlement history of the Superstition Mountains region in the late 19th century. Interpretive information is available at the ranger station.
How crowded is this trail?
The First Water Trailhead is a popular jumping-off point for the Superstition Wilderness. Weekend mornings in winter and spring bring significant crowds. Weekday visits offer a quieter experience.
Is the Superstition Wilderness the same as the Lost Dutchman legend?
Yes. The Superstition Mountains and the Lost Dutchman mine legend are centered in this area of the Tonto National Forest. The story of the hidden gold mine has attracted treasure hunters for well over a century.
Is a permit required for the Superstition Wilderness?
No wilderness permit is required as of 2026. The Tonto Pass is required at the trailhead. Day passes are $8.